NMN is found in all cells and is found naturally in immature soybean pods, legumes, cabbage, mushrooms and other fruits and vegetables. Vitamin B3 or niacin is a precursor to NAD+, though there are a number of steps in this conversion pathway. Various forms of vitamin B3, e.g., niacin, nicotinamide and the newer forms like nicotinamide riboside (NR), and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) are also being investigated for their ability to upregulate NAD+ levels in various tissues. NMN appears to stand above the rest as a direct precursor to NAD+, compared to NR, which must first be converted into NMN before conversion into NAD+, so there is an additional step involved with NR. This additional step relied on the proper functioning of converting enzymes which might be limited or not functioning properly.
Technical insights:
- NMN is pharmaceutically synthesised and purified in China  Â